Artist conception of a myriad of terrestrial planets that may be forming around sun-like stars. Based on data collected from the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems Spitzer Legacy Science Project .

Michael R. Meyer

mmeyer@as.arizona.edu


Research Interests:

Origins of Stars, Planets, and Life.

One of the fundamental problems in the formation of stars is understanding the origin of stellar masses, and the corresponding initial mass function. Are stellar masses fixed by a self-regulating process, resulting in a truly universal IMF? Or do initial conditions determine the emergent mass distribution of a forming stellar cluster? We have embarked on a program combining near-infrared photometry and IR spectroscopy in order to constrain the ratio of high to low mass stars as well as the ratio of stars to sub-stellar objects in young clusters of stars found in a variety of star-forming environments from nearby star-forming regions, to extreme regions of star formation in the Milky Way galaxy and throughout the local group. Our goal is to characterize stellar mass distributions of different regions, comparing them both with each other and with the field star IMF, and determine whether; i) different conditions are required for the formation of high and low mass stars; ii) the mass function of young clusters continues to rise beyond the hydrogen burning limit; and iii) emergent mass distributions depend sensitively on initial conditions.

Equally important is the understanding the evolution of circumstellar disks. Such disks, thought to be the pre-cursors of planetary systems, appear to be a common by-product of the star formation process. By studying circumstellar gas and dust around young stars as a function of stellar mass and age we can hope to; i) estimate the timescale for dissipation of circumstellar material around young stars as a function of radius; and ii) gain some physcial insight into the nature of this dissipation process thus providing observational constraints on theories of planet formation. We are leading a Spitzer Space Telescope Legacy Science Program, the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems, to help address fundamental questions concerning whether planetary systems like our own are common or rare among sun-like stars in the disk of the Milky Way.

Combining results from on-going research into star and planet formation, astronomers can provide important boundaries on the prospects for life developing elsewhere in the Universe. The origin, evolution, and prevalence of life in the Universe are central to the emerging interdisciplinary study of Astrobiology. Through NASA's Astrobiology Institute, we are engaged in an astronomical search for the essential ingredients of life.


Current Projects

Go to LAPLACE node of the NASA Astrobiology Institute.

Go to Origins of Life Initiative at Harvard University.

Go to Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems Spitzer Legacy Science Project .

Go to James Webb Space Telescope NIRCam Project.

Go to Giant Magellan Telescope Project .

Go to James Webb Space Telescope FGS-TF Project.

Go to Steward Observatory Star Formation Discussion Group .

Go to A Library of Medium Resolution Infrared Stellar Spectra.


Classes Taught at the University of Arizona (2000-2006)

Go to AST 579 Professional Writing in the Physical Sciences (graduate course in Astronomy).

Go to AST 599 L2 Origins of Stars, Planets, and Life (graduate course in Astronomy).

Go to AST 250 Introduction to Astronomy and Astrophyscis (introductory course for Astronomy majors).

Go to AST 202 Life in the Universe (tier 2 course for non-science majors).

Go to NATS 102 The Physical Universe (tier 1 course for non-science majors).


Current Presentations

  • "Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: The Makings of an Epicurean Feast"

  • "Two Tails of a Distribution: The IMF of Extreme Star Formation"

  • "GMT, JWST, and ALMA: Observing the Origins of Stars, Planets, and Life with 2020 Vision"

    Recent Publications

  • Star Formation in NGC 2024, 2023, and L1630 (South) Meyer et al. submitted.

  • The formation and evolution of planetary systems: Grain growth and chemical processing of dust in T Tauri systems Bouwman et al. ApJ, in press.

  • The Complete Census of 70-um-Bright Debris Disks within the FEPS (Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems) Spitzer Legacy Survey of Sun-like Stars Hillenbrand et al. ApJ, in press.

  • Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Evolution of Mid-IR Excess Emission Meyer et al. ApJ, V672, L181.

  • Medium-Separation Binaries do not affect the First Steps of Planet Formation Pascucci et al. ApJ, 2008, V673, 477.

  • A Survey for Massive Giant Planets in Debris Disks with Evacuated Inner Cavities Apai et al. ApJ, 2008, V672, 1192.

  • An Improbable Solution to the Underluminosity of 2M1207B: A Hot Protoplanet Collision Afterglow Mamajek & Meyer, ApJ, 2007, V668, L175.

  • The Moth: An Unusual Circumstellar Structure Associated with HD 61005 Hines et al. ApJ, 2007, V671, L165.

  • Debris Disk Around the Planet Host Star HD 38529 Moro-Martin et al. ApJ, 2007, V668, 1165.

  • Detection of [NeII] Emission from Young Circumstellar Disks Pascucci et al. ApJ, 2007, V663, 383.

  • Are Debris Disks and Massive Planets Correlated? Moro-Martin et al. ApJ, 2007, V658, 1312.

  • HST/NICMOS Grism Observations of NGC 1333: The Ratio of Stars to Sub-stellar Objects Greissl, J., Meyer, M.R. et al. 2007, AJ, 133, 1321.

  • Nulling Interferometric Survey of Herbig Ae/Be Stars: Physical Scale of the Mid-IR Emission Liu, Hinz, et al. ApJ, 2007, 658, 1164.

  • The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: A Spitzer Legacy Science Program Meyer, M.R. et al., 2006, PASP, V118, 1690.

  • Evidence for Mass-dependent Circumstellar Disk Evolution in the 5 Myr-old Upper Scorpius OB Association Carpenter, J.M., Mamajek, E.E., Hillenbrand, L.A., and Meyer, M.R., 2006, ApJ, 651, L49.

  • HST/NICMOS Observations of Mon R2: The Ratio of Stars to Sub-stellar Objects Andersen, M., Meyer, M.R., et al. 2006, AJ, 132, 2296.

  • Mid-IR Observations of T Tauri stars: Probing the Star-Disk Connection Kundurthy, P. et al. 2006, AJ, 132, 2469.

  • The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Upper Limits to the Gas Mass in Disks Around Sun-like Stars Pascucci, I. et al., 2006, ApJ, 651, 1177.

  • Wide-field IR Imaging with GLAO on the MMT Lloyd-Hart, M. et al., SPIE, 6272, 143.

  • Telescope to Observe Other Planetary Systems Guiyon, O. et al., SPIE, 6265, 52.

  • Thermal IR Searches for Planets with MMT-AO Heinze, A., et al., SPIE, 6272, 121.

  • Disk Evolution Around Normal Stars: Placing Our Solar System in Context Meyer, M.R., Backman, D., Weinberger, A., and Wyatt, M. 2007, Protostars and Planets V (B. Reipurth et al., eds.), Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, pp. 573-588.

  • Near-Infrared Observations of Earthshine: The Spectrum of a Habitable Planet" Turnbull, M. et al. 2006, ApJ, V644, 551.

  • High Contrast Imaging with NIRCam on JWST Green et al., SPIE, 5905, 185.

  • Bispectrum Speckle Interferometry of the Massive Protostellar Outflow Source IRAS 23151+5912, Weigelt, G. et al. 2006, A&A, 447, 655.

  • The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Placing Our Solar System in Context with Spitzer Meyer, M.R. et al., 2005, Spitzer New Views of the Cosmos, ASP Conference Series, in press.

  • The IMF in Extreme Star-Forming Environments: Searching for Variations vs. Initial Conditions Andersen, M., Meyer, M.R., Greissl, J., Oppenheimer, B.D., Kenworthy, M.A., McCarthy, D., and Zinnecker, H., 2005, IAU Symposium 227,

  • Spitzer Observations of G Dwarfs in the Pleiades: Circumstellar Debris Disks at 100 Myr Age , Stauffer, J.R. et al., 2005, AJ, 130, 1834.

  • Constraining the IMF in Extreme Environments: Direct Detection of Young Low Mass Stars in Unresolved Stellar Populations Meyer, M.R., & Griessl, J. 2005, ApJ, 630, L177.

  • Spitzer Observations of Gas in Circumstellar Disks: Upper Limits to the Gas Mass in HD 105 Hollenbach, D. et al. 2005, ApJ, 631, 1180.

  • Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Discovery of an Unusual Debris System Associated with HD 12039 , Hines, D. et al. 2006, ApJ, 638, 1070.

  • Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Cold Outer Disks Associated with Sun-like Stars , Kim, J.S. et al. 2005, ApJ, 632, 659.

  • Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Primordial Warm Dust Evolution from 3-30 Myr Around Sun-like Stars , Silverstone, M.D. et al. 2006, ApJ, 639, 1138.

  • Optical Spectroscopy of the Surface Population of the rho Oph Cloud: The First Wave of Star Formation Wilking et al. 2005, AJ, 130, 1733.

  • 8-13 micron spectra of Young Stellar Objects: Evolution in the Silicate Feature Kessler, Hillenbrand, Blake, and Meyer, 2005, ApJ, 622, 404.

  • Gould's Belt to Starburst Galaxies: The IMF of Extreme Star Formation , Meyer, Greissl, Kenworthy, and McCarthy, to appear in the IMF@50, Kluwer (Astrophysics and Space Science Series), eds. E. Corbelli, F. Palla, and H. Zinnecker.

  • Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: First Results from a Spitzer Legacy Science Program M.R. Meyer et al., 2004, ApJS, 154, 422.

  • Constraining the Lifetime of Circumstellar Disks in the Terrestrial Planet Zone: A Mid-IR Survey of the 30 Myr Old Tuc-Hor Association , Mamajek, Meyer, Hinz, Hoffmann, Cohen, and Hora, 2004, ApJ, 612, 496.

  • Clio: A 5 micron camera for the detection of giant exoplanets" M. Freed, P. Hinz, and M. Meyer, SPIE, 5492, 1561.

  • Scientific results from the MMT Natural Guide Star Adaptive Optics System Kenworthy, m. et al., SPIE, 5490, 351.

  • Near--IR Spectra of Brown Dwarf Candidates in NGC 1333 , Wilking et al., 2004, AJ, 127, 1131.

  • The Detection of Cool Dust Around the G2V Star HD 107146 J. Williams, et al., 2004, ApJ, 604, 414.

  • Ten Micron Observations of Nearby Young Stars S. Metchev, L. Hillenbrand, and M. Meyer 2004, ApJ, 600, 435.

  • Spatially Resolved Circumstellar Dust in Centarus A Karovska, M. et al. 2003, ApJ, 598, L91.

  • Detection of a Circumstellar Disk around the Herbig Ae Star HD 100546 with Nulling Interferometry W. Liu et al. 2003, ApJ, 598, L111.

  • NICMOS Observations of NGC 2024: Constraints on the IMF and Binarity" W. Liu, M.R. Meyer, A. Cotera, and E. Young, 2003, AJ,126, 1665.

  • Gravity Indicators in the Near-Infrared Spectra of Brown Dwarfs N. Gorlova, M.R. Meyer, G. Rieke, and J. Liebert, 2003, ApJ, 593, 1074.

  • Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Young Stellar Populations M.R. Meyer, 2003, in The Garrison Festschrift, R. Gray, C. Corbally, and A.G.D. Philip, editors, Davis Press, 137.

  • Beyond the Cosmic Veil: Star and Planet Formation Research after SIRTF and NGST M.R. Meyer, 2003, in "Hubble's Science Legacy: Future Optical-Ultraviolet Astronomy from Space", eds. K.R. Sembach, J.C. Blades, G.D. Illingworth, & R.C. Kennicutt, ASP Conference Series, 291, 53.

  • Mass and Kinetic Energy of the Homunculus Nebula around eta Carinae N. Smith et al., 2003, ApJ, 125, 1458.

  • NGST NIRCam Scientific Program and Design Concept M. Rieke et al., 2003, SPIE, 4850, 478.

  • The Star-Formation History and Accretion Disk Census of the Pre-Main Sequence Stars in the LCC & UCL Subgroups of Sco-Cen E. Mamajek, M.R. Meyer, and J. Liebert, 2002, AJ, 124, 1670.

  • The Near-IR Photometric Variability of Stars Towards the Cham I Molecular Cloud J.M. Carpenter et al., 2002, AJ, 124, 1001.

  • A Disrupted Circumstellar Torus inside Eta Car's Homunculus Nebula N. Smith et al., 2002, ApJ, 567, L77.

  • The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: SIRTF Legacy Science in the VLT Era" to appear in the Springer-Verlag Astrophysics Series `The Origins of Stars and Planets: The VLT View' eds. J. Alves & M. McCaughrean.

  • "Structure and Evolution of Circumstellar Disks Around Young Stars: New Views from ISO", Meyer, M.R., & Beckwith, S.V.W., 2000, ISO Surveys of a Dusty Universe, Lecture Notes in Physics, Springer-Verlag, in press.
  • "Near-IR Classification Spectroscopy: J-Band Spectra of Fundamental MK Standards", L. Wallace, M.R. Meyer, K. Hinkle, & S. Edwards, 2000, Astrophysical Journal, in press.
  • "Silicate Emission in T Tauri Stars: Evidence for Disk Atmospheres?", A. Natta, M.R. Meyer, & S.V.W. Beckwith, 2000, Astrophysical Journal, in press.
  • "Stellar Masses", Massey, P., & Meyer, M.R., 1999, Encyclopedia of Astronomy & Astrophysics, IOP and Macmillan Publishers Ltd., in press.
  • "The Stellar Initial Mass Function: Constraints from Young Clusters and Theoretical Perspectives", M.R. Meyer, F.C. Adams, L.A. Hillenbrand, J.M. Carpenter, & R.B. Larson, 1999, Protostars & Planets IV, in press.
  • "ISOPHOT Observations of Circumstellar Disks Around Young Stellar Objects", 1999, The Universe as Seen by ISO, eds. P. Cox & M. Kessler, 195, ESA SP-427.
  • "Circumstellar Disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster", L.A. Hillenbrand, S.E. Strom, N. Calvet, K.M. Merrill, I. Gatley, R.B. Makidon, M.R. Meyer, & M.F. Skrutskie, 1998, Astronomical Journal, 116, 1816.
  • "Spectroscopy of Brown Dwarf Candidates in the Rho Oph Molecular Core", B.A. Wilking, T.P. Greene, and M.R. Meyer, 1998, Astronomical Journal, 117, 469.
  • "The Stellar Populations in the L1630 (Orion B) Cloud" , M.R. Meyer and E. Lada, To appear in ASP Conference Series, The Orion Complex Revisted, eds. M.J. McCaughrean and A. Burkert, 1998.
  • "Near-IR Classification Spectroscopy: H-Band Spectra of Fundamental MK Standards", M.R. Meyer, S. Edwards, K. Hinkle, and S. Strom, 1998, Astrophysical Journal, 508, 397.
  • "Magnetospheric Accretion and PMS Masses", I. Bonnell, K. Smith, M. Meyer, C. Tout, D. Folha, and J. Emerson, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1998, 299, 1013.
  • "Infrared Astronomical Spectroscopy with a Non-Cryogenic Spectrograph", R. Joyce, K. Hinkle, M. Meyer, and M. Skrutskie, Proceedings of SPIE No. 3354, 1998, in press.
  • "The Environments of Pre-Main Sequence Stars: Brown Dwarf Companions and Circumstellar Disk Evolution" , Michael R. Meyer and Steven V.W. Beckwith, 1998, ASP Conference Series Vol. 134, eds. R. Rebolo, E. Martin, & M. Zapatero Osorio, 245.
  • "Circumstellar Disks around Pre-Main-Sequence Stars: What ISO can tell us", A. Natta, M.R. Meyer, and S.V.W. Beckwith, In: Star Formation with Infrared Space Observatory, ASP Conference Series Vol. 132, eds. J. Yun & R. Liseau, 1998, 265.
  • "The Transitional PMS Object DI Tauri: Evidence for a Substellar Companion and Rapid Disk Dissipation" , M.R. Meyer, S.V.W. Beckwith, T.M. Herbst, and M. Robberto, 1997. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 1997, 489, L173.
  • "Properties of the Monoceros R2 Stellar Cluster" J.M. Carpenter, M.R. Meyer, C. Dougados, S. Strom, and and Lynne Hillenbrand, 1997, Astronomical Journal, 114, 198.

  • "The Intrinsic Near-IR Excesses of T Tauri Stars: Understanding the Classical T Tauri Star Locus" M.R. Meyer, N. Calvet, and Lynne Hillenbrand, 1997, Astronomical Journal, 114, 288.

  • "The Structure of Circumstellar Disks and Envelopes Around Young Stars: New Results from ISO" , M.R. Meyer, S.V.W. Beckwith, and A. Natta, 1997, Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 182, 224.

  • "Near-Infrared Photometric Monitoring of Young Stellar Objects" , M.F. Skrutskie, M.R. Meyer, D. Whalen, and C. Hamilton, 1996, Astronomical Journal, 112, 2168.

  • "Stellar Populations of Deeply Embedded Young Clusters: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Emergent Mass Distributions" Michael R. Meyer, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Massachusetts, (1996).

  • "An Infrared Spectroscopic Survey of the rho Ophiuchi Young Stellar Cluster: Masses and Ages from the H-R Diagram" , Greene, T.P., and Meyer, M.R., Astrophys. J., 1995, 450, 233.

  • "The Stellar Populations of Deeply Embedded Young Clusters: Near-Infrared Specral Classification" , Meyer, M.R., Edwards, S., Hinkle, K., Skrutskie, M., and Strom, S., Disks and Outflows Around Young Stars, ed. S. Beckwith, Springer-Verlag, 1995.

  • "Isolated Star-Forming Regions Containing Herbig Ae/Be Stars I: The Young Stellar Aggregate Associated with BD+404124" , Hillenbrand, L.A., Meyer, M.R., and Strom, S.E., Astron. J., 1994, 109, 280.

  • "Camila: An Infrared Imager/Spectrometer for the San Pedro Martir Observatory", Cruz-Gonzales, I., et al., Proceedings SPIE, 1994, 2198, 774.

  • "Imaging of Embedded Clusters: Mon R2," Meyer, M.R., et al., Infrared Astronomy with Arrays: The Next Generation, ed. I. McLean, Kluwer, 105, 1994.

  • "Discovery of a Main-Belt Asteroid Resmbling Ordinary Chondrite Meteorites," Binzel, R.P., et al., Science, 262, 1541 (1993).

  • "Near-Infrared Spectral Monitoring of Nova Cygni 1992," Meyer, M.R., Dutkevitch, D., and Skrutskie, M.F., Astronomical Infrared Spectroscopy: Future Observational Directions, ed. S. Kwok, PASP, 131 (1993).

  • "Young Low Mass Stars in the Vicinity of s Scorpii," Meyer, M.R., Wilking, B .A., and Zinnecker, H., Astron J., 105, 619 (1993).

  • "Spectro-polarimetric Observations of Mars with an AOTF," Smith, W.H., et al ., B.A.A.S., 24, 2, 1993.

  • "Near-Infrared Imaging of the Bright-Rimmed Cloud IC1805W," Skrutskie, M.F., et al., B.A.A.S., 23, 4 (1992).

  • "IRAS Observations of Young Stellar Objects in the Corona Australis Dark Cloud," Wilking, B.A., et al., Astrophys. J., 397, 520 (1992).


    Biographical Information:

    Born May 11, 1967 in Asheville, North Carolina, USA.

    Washington University in St. Louis , A.B. in Physics, 1989.

    University of Missouri-St. Louis , M.S. in Physics, 1 991.

    University of Massachusetts, Amherst , Ph.D. in Astronomy, 1996.

    Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg, Research Associate (1995-97).

    Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , Hubble Fellow (1997-00).

    Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , Assistant Professor/Astronomer (2000-2006).

    The Research Corporation, Tucson, Arizona , Cottrell Scholar (2003-2006).

    Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , Associate Professor/Astronomer (2006-????).

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , Visting Professor/Scientist (2007-2008).